Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer widely known for its unique combination of water solubility, chemical resistance, and adhesive properties. Its versatility makes it a key material in various industries, including textiles, paper production, construction, packaging, and pharmaceuticals. This article explores the synthesis, properties, applications, and environmental impact of PVA, highlighting why it remains a crucial material in modern manufacturing and innovation.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble polymer produced through the polymerization and hydrolysis of vinyl acetate. Its chemical structure consists of repeating vinyl alcohol units, which give it excellent film-forming and adhesive properties.